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Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

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A Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy Model in Adult Zebrafish
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Dioxins and cardiovascular disease mortality.

Olivier Humblet1, Linda Birnbaum, Eric Rimm

  • 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|December 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Dioxin exposure is linked to increased deaths from ischemic heart disease and overall cardiovascular disease (CVD). Higher quality studies show a clear dose-response relationship, though confounding factors remain a limitation.

Keywords:
PCBTCDDcardiovascular diseasedioxinepidemiologyhealthy worker effectherbicidesischemic heart diseasemortalityoccupational exposure

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Dioxins are environmental pollutants with known toxic effects.
  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
  • Previous research has suggested potential links between environmental exposures and CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate the evidence associating dioxin exposure with cardiovascular disease mortality in human populations.
  • To assess the quality of available epidemiologic studies and their findings regarding dioxin and CVD mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted in December 2007 for English-language epidemiologic studies on dioxin exposure and CVD mortality.
  • Studies were selected based on relevance to dioxin exposure, excluding those primarily focused on polychlorinated biphenyls or from industries with mixed exposures.
  • Study quality was assessed based on exposure assessment accuracy and the type of comparison group used (internal vs. external).

Main Results:

  • Twelve cohorts were included in the review, with ten involving occupational exposures.
  • Highest quality studies, using internal comparisons and accurate exposure assessments, demonstrated consistent, dose-related increases in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality.
  • Modest associations were observed for all-CVD mortality, with a primary limitation being the lack of adjustment for major CVD risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Dioxin exposure appears to be associated with increased mortality from both IHD and all CVD, with a stronger link to IHD.
  • The potential for bias due to confounding by other CVD risk factors could not be fully determined.