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[Retinal bioelectrical activity in children with congenital myopia]
Vestnik Oftalmologii
|December 10, 2008
Summary
Congenital myopia, a form of short sight developing in utero, shows varying retinal bioelectrical activity. This study links these changes to refractive error and eye axis length in children.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Congenital myopia is characterized by high myopia, increased ocular anteroposterior axis (APA) length, and fundal changes.
- Understanding the functional state of retinal segments is crucial for managing congenital myopia.
- Previous research has not fully elucidated the relationship between retinal function and refractive parameters in this condition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the functional state of central and peripheral retinal segments in children with congenital myopia using electroretinography (ERG).
- To correlate electroretinographic findings with ophthalmoscopic manifestations and refractive parameters.
- To explore the relationship between retinal bioelectrical activity and ocular biometry.
Main Methods:
- Examined 23 children (46 eyes) aged 6-16 years with diagnosed moderate to high congenital myopia.
- Utilized visometry, refractometry, ophthalmoscopy, ultrasound biometry (APA measurement), and various electroretinography (ERG) techniques (mixed, local, multifocal).
- Assessed patients with diverse fundal changes, including absence of macular changes, hyperpigmented macula, undifferentiated macula, and acquired chorioretinal dystrophy.
Main Results:
- Varied bioelectrical activity changes in the macular region were observed in congenital myopia, irrespective of ophthalmoscopic changes.
- A moderate to high inverse correlation was found between retinal bioelectrical activity parameters (ERG b-wave amplitude, P1 component density) and refractive spherical equivalent/APA length.
- Four patients were diagnosed with congenital persistent nocturnal blindness (Schubert-Bornstein type).
Conclusions:
- Congenital myopia is associated with altered retinal bioelectrical activity, even without apparent fundal changes.
- Retinal function, as measured by ERG, is significantly correlated with the severity of myopia and ocular axial length.
- These findings highlight the importance of ERG in assessing visual function in children with congenital myopia.
