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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
Introduction to Connective Tissues01:11

Introduction to Connective Tissues

Connective tissues are one of the four main tissue types in humans that are extensively present in the body. They are characterized by cells embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of a ground substance and three main types of protein fibers— collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. The ground substance of connective tissues can range from a watery and jelly-like consistency to mineralized and hard. The wide variety of cells in the connective tissues include fibroblasts, osteocytes,...
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary or...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Overlap syndromes in rheumatology].

N G Guseva

    Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk
    |December 10, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rheumatology overlap syndromes, comprising 25% of connective tissue diseases, present diagnostic challenges due to heterogeneity. This study examines common forms like systemic scleroderma with polymyositis/dermatomyositis and rheumatoid arthritis.

    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Immunogenetics
    • Internal Medicine

    Context:

    • Overlap syndromes represent a significant challenge in rheumatology, accounting for 25% of connective tissue diseases.
    • These syndromes exhibit considerable clinical and immunogenetic heterogeneity.
    • Understanding these overlaps is crucial for accurate diagnosis and patient management.

    Purpose:

    • To characterize the main groups of overlap syndromes in rheumatic disorders.
    • To present findings based on published data and original research involving 100 patients.
    • To focus on frequent systemic connective tissue pathologies, specifically systemic scleroderma with polymyositis/dermatomyositis and rheumatoid arthritis.

    Summary:

    • The study categorizes overlap syndromes into three main groups: overlap forms of systemic connective tissue diseases, mixed connective tissue disease (Sharp's syndrome), and undifferentiated rheumatic disease.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • It analyzes characteristics of these groups using existing literature and data from 100 patients.
  • The research specifically investigates systemic scleroderma co-occurring with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (68 patients) and rheumatoid arthritis (32 patients).

    • Impact:

    • Provides a clearer understanding of the heterogeneity in rheumatic diseases.
    • Aids in the diagnosis and classification of complex connective tissue diseases.
    • Offers insights into the clinical presentation of common overlap syndromes in rheumatology.