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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
Published on: March 12, 2021
Early glenohumeral arthritis in the competing athlete
John R Reineck1, Sumant G Krishnan, W Z Burkhead
1Shoulder and Elbow Service, W.B. Carrell Memorial Clinic, 9301 North Central Expressway, Suite 400, Dallas, TX 75231, USA.
Abstract:
Early glenohumeral degeneration is, at best, a difficult condition for the competing athlete. This is especially true of athletes who participate in overhead sports of baseball, tennis, swimming, and volleyball. However, competitors in football, basketball, and soccer may also find themselves saddled with severe posttraumatic, post-reconstruction, or primary cartilage loss in their shoulders. Unfortunately, this may lead to impeded performance, and, ultimately, derailed careers.