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Binding interactions control SNARE specificity in vivo.

Hui-Ju Yang1, Hideki Nakanishi, Song Liu

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|December 10, 2008
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sec9 and Spo20 are Saccharomyces cerevisiae SNAP25 paralogues involved in vesicle fusion. Differences in their SNARE helices dictate specific functions in cell growth and sporulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses two SNAP25 paralogues: Sec9 and Spo20.
  • These proteins mediate vesicle fusion at distinct cellular locations: the plasma membrane (Sec9) and the prospore membrane (Spo20).
  • Prospore membrane fusion is notably sensitive to disruptions in the SNARE complex's central ionic layer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional differences between Sec9 and Spo20.
  • To determine how structural variations in SNARE helices influence their specific roles in vesicle fusion.
  • To understand the molecular basis for the discrimination between closely related SNAREs in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic manipulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.
  • Construction and testing of chimeric and mutant forms of Spo20.
  • In vitro vesicle fusion assays.
  • Analysis of protein-protein interactions (binding assays).

Main Results:

  • A mutation in the t-SNARE Sso1 impaired sporulation but not vegetative growth.
  • A chimeric Spo20 with Sec9's SNARE helices could suppress the sso1 sporulation defect.
  • Mutating Spo20 to mimic Sec9's SNARE domain residues restored sporulation in sso1 mutants and allowed Sec9's function in vegetative cells.
  • The engineered Spo20 showed enhanced in vitro fusion activity and tighter binding to Sso1 and Snc2.

Conclusions:

  • Structural variations within SNARE helices are critical for differentiating the functions of closely related SNARE proteins.
  • These differences enable specific roles in distinct membrane fusion events, such as vegetative growth versus sporulation.
  • The study highlights the precise molecular determinants governing SNARE complex specificity in vivo.