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Related Concept Videos

Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
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Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Cognition and Behavior

Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function. They...

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Cognition in CADASIL.

Martin Dichgans1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Klinikum Grobetahadern, Marchionistr 15, D-81377 München, Germany. martin.dichgans@med.uni-muenchen.de

Stroke
|December 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral Autosomal-Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a genetic small vessel disease. Advances in understanding CADASIL cognition aid targeted trials for vascular cognitive impairment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • CADASIL is an early-onset genetic small vessel disease.
  • It is a cause of pure subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD).
  • CADASIL research defines cognitive deficits and neuroimaging in SIVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent advances in understanding cognition in CADASIL.
  • To underscore the value of CADASIL as a model for SIVD research.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of targeted therapeutic trials in vascular cognitive impairment subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on cognition in CADASIL patients.
  • Analysis of findings from a randomized trial in cognitively impaired CADASIL individuals.
  • Correlation of cognitive deficits with neuroimaging markers.

Main Results:

  • CADASIL provides critical insights into cognitive profiles of SIVD.
  • A recent trial confirmed the feasibility of targeted therapeutic interventions.
  • Advances in understanding CADASIL cognition are paving the way for new treatments.

Conclusions:

  • CADASIL is a valuable model for studying vascular cognitive impairment.
  • Targeted therapeutic trials in specific vascular cognitive impairment subtypes are feasible.
  • Continued research on CADASIL cognition is essential for developing effective treatments.