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Receptor noise limitations on chemotactic sensing.

Wouter-Jan Rappel1, Herbert Levine

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. rappel@physics.ucsd.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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This study quantifies receptor noise in eukaryotic cell chemotaxis, revealing that cell motility depends on both the input signal and the second messenger pathway response for accurate directional sensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Chemotactic eukaryotic cells detect shallow chemoattractant gradients with low background concentrations.
  • Noise in bound receptor numbers significantly impacts directional sensing accuracy under these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically quantify bound receptor numbers on a disk-shaped cell membrane.
  • To investigate the response of the local excitation global inhibition (LEGI) and balanced inactivation (BI) models.
  • To determine cell motility measures and experimentally testable predictions for each model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a numerical Monte Carlo tool to quantify receptor occupancy time traces.
  • Investigated the LEGI and BI directional sensing models.
  • Determined cell motility as a function of experimental parameters.

Main Results:

  • Generated time traces of receptor occupancy for input into directional sensing models.
  • Quantified cell motility measures for both LEGI and BI models.
  • Identified qualitatively different behaviors between the two models concerning background concentration.

Conclusions:

  • Cell sensitivity to receptor occupancy requires considering the second messenger pathway response, not just the input signal.
  • The study provides experimentally testable predictions for understanding chemotactic cell behavior.
  • LEGI and BI models exhibit distinct responses to varying background concentrations.