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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

A framework for cognitive interventions targeting everyday memory performance and memory self-efficacy.

Graham J McDougall1

  • 1School of Nursing, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78701, USA. gmcdougall@mail.nur.utexas.edu

Family & Community Health
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores memory self-efficacy and cognitive interventions. It proposes a new cognitive behavioral model for everyday memory, addressing age-related declines in memory confidence and performance.

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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Published on: September 20, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Adult neurogenesis and neural plasticity offer potential for brain renewal and change.
  • Cognitive enhancement and rehabilitation strategies are emerging fields.
  • Aging is associated with decreased memory self-efficacy and everyday memory performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a developmental account of memory self-efficacy and nonpharmacologic cognitive intervention studies.
  • To propose a novel cognitive intervention model for everyday memory.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on memory self-efficacy.
  • Developmental analysis of cognitive intervention models.
  • Proposal of the cognitive behavioral model of everyday memory.

Main Results:

  • Identified a relationship between aging, decreased memory self-efficacy, and everyday memory performance.
  • Outlined the evolution of nonpharmacologic cognitive intervention strategies.
  • Introduced a new theoretical framework for cognitive intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Memory self-efficacy is a critical factor in everyday memory function, particularly in aging individuals.
  • The proposed cognitive behavioral model offers a new approach for cognitive intervention.
  • Further research is needed to validate and implement this model for cognitive enhancement and rehabilitation.