A rare combination of coronary anomalies

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Anatomical Pathology
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Coronary anomalies occur in less than 1% of coronary angiograms.
• Their clinical significance ranges from asymptomatic to life-threatening.
• Knowledge of coronary anatomy variations is vital for cardiovascular procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of multiple, coexisting coronary artery anomalies.
• To highlight the importance of recognizing complex coronary anatomy.
• To emphasize the clinical relevance of coronary variations in interventional cardiology.

Main Methods:

• Diagnostic coronary angiography.
• Case report of a single patient.
• Review of relevant literature on coronary anomalies.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with a rare combination of coronary anomalies.
• These included coronary fistulae, a double circumflex coronary artery, and anomalous origin of the circumflex artery from the right coronary artery.
• This specific constellation of anomalies is infrequently documented.

Conclusions:

• Complex coronary anomalies, though rare, require careful identification.
• Accurate anatomical knowledge is essential for successful interventional cardiology and cardiac surgery.
• This case underscores the diversity of coronary artery variations and their potential clinical impact.