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Hypertension is a risk factor for fractures
Peter Vestergaard1, Lars Rejnmark, Leif Mosekilde
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism C, The Osteoporosis Clinic, Aarhus Amtssygehus, Aarhus University Hospital, Tage Hansens Gade 2, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. p-vest@post4.tele.dk
Calcified Tissue International
|December 11, 2008
Summary
Hypertension and stroke significantly increase fracture risk long-term. Other cardiovascular conditions like heart attack and atrial fibrillation pose only a short-term fracture risk, suggesting hypertension is a major factor.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Orthopedics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent, and their association with fracture risk requires further investigation.
- Understanding these links can inform preventative strategies for both conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors with the risk of fractures.
- To differentiate between short-term and long-term effects of these conditions on fracture incidence.
Main Methods:
- A large-scale case-control study involving 124,655 fracture cases and 373,962 controls.
- Analysis focused on hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular diseases as exposures.
- Confounders such as medication use and other health conditions were adjusted for.
Main Results:
- Hypertension and stroke were identified as significant risk factors for fractures in both short-term (≤3 years) and long-term (>6 years) follow-up periods.
- Acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and deep venous thromboembolism showed a transient increase in fracture risk within 3 years of diagnosis.
- Peripheral arterial disease and ischemic heart disease were not associated with increased fracture risk.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension and stroke are major cardiovascular risk factors for fractures.
- Other cardiovascular conditions present a more transient or minor risk.
- The observed fracture risk in hypertension may explain the protective effect of antihypertensive medications.
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