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Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
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Drug Nomenclature

During the development of a new pharmaceutical, the manufacturer initially assigns a code name to the drug. Once approved, the drug receives a United States Adopted Name (USAN)—a generic, nonproprietary designation. Upon being listed in the United States Pharmacopeia, this nonproprietary name becomes the drug's official name. Additionally, the manufacturer assigns a proprietary name or trademark, which serves as the brand name under which the drug is marketed. It is worth noting that the same...
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Schizophrenia01:17

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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those diagnosed.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
05:51

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Published on: June 15, 2011

Schizo-nomenclature: a new condition?

Toshimasa Maruta1, Makio Iimori

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. maruta@tokyo-med.ac.jp

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|December 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The term "schizophrenia" carries stigma, leading to a name change in Japan. Many international experts agree the term is inappropriate and stigmatizing.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Nomenclature

Background:

  • Psychiatric diagnoses can carry significant social stigma.
  • The term 'schizophrenia' has been associated with negative perceptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore expert opinions on the appropriateness and stigma associated with the term 'schizophrenia'.
  • To document the context of changing the name of schizophrenia in Japan.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was conducted among members of the World Psychiatric Association's Section on Classification, Diagnostic Assessment and Nomenclature.
  • Data was collected from 21 respondents out of 80 surveyed members.

Main Results:

  • Nine out of 21 respondents (45%) believed 'schizophrenia' was an inappropriate term.

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  • Half of the respondents felt the term 'schizophrenia' had a stigmatizing meaning.
  • Conclusions:

    • The term 'schizophrenia' is perceived as inappropriate and stigmatizing by a significant portion of psychiatric nomenclature experts.
    • The findings support the rationale behind changing diagnostic terminology to reduce stigma.