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Incidence of oronasal haemorrhage in infancy presenting to general practice in the UK

Neil McIntosh1, James Chalmers

  • 1Department of Child Life and Health, Edinburgh, Scotland. neil.mcintosh@ed.ac.uk

The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners
|December 11, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Nosebleeds (epistaxis) in infants are more common than severe bleeding from the mouth or nose (oronasal haemorrhage). Infants experiencing nosebleeds are at higher risk for other injuries during their first year.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Oronasal haemorrhage in infancy is a rare clinical presentation.
  • Epistaxis is a more frequent occurrence in infants presenting in general practice.
  • Understanding the incidence and associated risks of these conditions is crucial for early identification and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the frequency of oronasal haemorrhage in infants.
  • To compare the incidence of epistaxis with oronasal haemorrhage in the first year of life.
  • To investigate the association between epistaxis and subsequent injury in infancy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two national General Practitioner (GP) research databases, covering 6% of the UK population.
  • Identified cases of oronasal haemorrhage and collected data on other clinical presentations within the first year of life.
  • Calculated the incidence of epistaxis and assessed the rate of injury in infants with epistaxis compared to the general infant population.

Main Results:

  • Oronasal haemorrhage in infancy was rare.
  • Epistaxis occurred in 7-20 cases per 10,000 infants, approximately 10 times more common than oronasal haemorrhage.
  • 14.3% of infants with epistaxis experienced an injury later in infancy, a rate four times higher than the general infant population.

Conclusions:

  • Epistaxis is a significantly more common presentation than oronasal haemorrhage in infants.
  • Infants presenting with epistaxis may represent a high-risk group for subsequent traumatic injuries.
  • General practitioners should consider epistaxis as a potential indicator for further trauma assessment in infants.

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