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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
Soundness of Cement01:17

Soundness of Cement

The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create ettringite,...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Strength of Cement01:20

Strength of Cement

Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in ASTM C...
Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate resistance.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
04:53

Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Published on: October 18, 2024

[Sleep disorders in cement workers].

L Soleo1, M S Manghisi, L Panuzzo

  • 1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Medicina Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro E.C. Vigliani, Università di Bari, Italy. l.soleo@medlav.uniba.it

Giornale Italiano Di Medicina Del Lavoro Ed Ergonomia
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) are common in cement workers. Obesity, age, and hypertension are linked to OSAS, but shift work is not. Health promotion for sleep disorders is recommended.

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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Context:

  • Cement workers face occupational exposures and lifestyle factors.
  • Sleep disorders like Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) are prevalent and linked to cardiovascular risk.
  • Understanding risk factors in this population is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose:

  • To estimate the prevalence of high risk for OSAS and EDS in cement workers.
  • To investigate occupational, personal, and health-related risk factors associated with these sleep disorders.
  • To explore the relationship between working conditions, particularly shift work, and sleep disorders.

Summary:

  • A survey of 761 male cement workers revealed a 24.2% prevalence of high OSAS risk and 3.4% prevalence of EDS.
  • OSAS risk was significantly associated with age, employment duration, BMI, ex-smoker status, obesity indicators (neck, waist, hip circumference), chronic fatigue, and hypertension.
  • No association was found between OSAS risk and subjective working conditions, alcohol consumption, or shift work. EDS was not significantly correlated with any investigated variables.
  • A 'healthy worker effect' was noted, where a shift to fixed daytime work was often due to pre-existing chronic conditions like hypertension and obesity.

Impact:

  • The study highlights obesity as a significant risk factor for OSAS in cement workers, independent of shift work.
  • Findings underscore the need for occupational health physicians to incorporate sleep disorder health promotion into surveillance programs.
  • Early identification and management of sleep disorders can help mitigate cardiovascular risks in industrial workforces.