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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
07:06

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection

Published on: December 8, 2014

Outcomes following colectomy for Clostridium difficile colitis.

Shirley Chan1, Mark Kelly, Sophie Helme

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. shirley.chan@talk21.com

International Journal of Surgery (London, England)
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Surgical intervention for Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) colitis is rare but carries a high mortality rate. Total colectomy with end ileostomy is the preferred surgical approach for this severe condition.

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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: July 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea is a significant healthcare concern in UK hospitals.
  • Surgical intervention for C. difficile colitis is infrequently required, with limited evidence on best practices.
  • This multicentre study aimed to analyze surgical management of C. difficile colitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experience and outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for C. difficile colitis.
  • To identify patient demographics, indications for surgery, and post-operative results.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of surgical interventions for C. difficile colitis.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of patients undergoing surgery for C. difficile colitis across five Southeast England hospitals over seven years.
  • Data collection included patient presentation, surgical indications, and post-operative outcomes.
  • Histopathology databases were used to identify eligible patients.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen patients (mean age 71 years) underwent surgery; 46% acquired C. difficile during hospital admission for other reasons.
  • Indications for surgery included peritonitis, systemic toxicity, failure of medical management, and bowel dilatation.
  • The mortality rate was 67%, with total colectomy and end ileostomy being the common procedure.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical intervention for C. difficile colitis is uncommon but associated with a poor prognosis.
  • Total colectomy with end ileostomy is identified as the procedure of choice.
  • The high mortality rate underscores the severity of surgical C. difficile colitis.