Silver(I) ions-enhanced electrochemiluminescence of tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)

In this paper, we demonstrate an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) enhancement of tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)) by the addition of silver(I) ions. The maximum enhancement factor of about 5 was obtained on a glassy carbon electrode in the absence of co-reactant. The enhancement of ECL intensity was possibly attributed to the unique catalytic activity of Ag(+) for reactions between Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) with OH. The higher enhancement was observed in phosphate buffer solutions compared with that from borate buffer solutions. This resulted from the fact that formation of nanoparticles with large surface area in the phosphate buffer solution exhibited high catalytic activity. The amount of Ag(+), solution pH and working electrode materials played important roles for the ECL enhancement. We also studied the effects of Ag(+) on Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/tripropylamine and Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/C(2)O(4)(2-) ECL systems.