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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...

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Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
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Stain effects studied by time-resolved infrared imaging.

Plinio Innocenzi1, Luca Malfatti, Massimo Piccinini

  • 1Laboratorio di Scienza dei Materiali e Nanotecnologie, D.A.P., Universita di Sassari, CR-INSTM, Palazzo Pou Salid, Piazza Duomo 6, 07041 Alghero (Sassari), Italy.

Analytical Chemistry
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers used time-resolved infrared imaging to study pattern formation in drying colloidal droplets. This technique revealed how water and dye concentration changes during evaporation, leading to uniform ring-like patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloidal science
  • Materials science
  • Surface science

Background:

  • Pattern formation in evaporating colloidal droplets is crucial for controlled drying techniques.
  • Contact line pinning leads to characteristic ring-like patterns after solvent evaporation.
  • Understanding these dynamic processes is key for advanced material fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of pattern formation during colloidal droplet drying.
  • To apply a novel analytical technique for simultaneous spatial and time-resolved chemical imaging.
  • To elucidate the evaporation phenomenon near the contact line in solute-solvent systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized time-resolved infrared imaging coupled with optical imaging.
  • Studied a water-methylene blue system during the drying process.
  • Monitored droplet profile, water, and dye concentration changes over time and space.

Main Results:

  • Achieved micrometer-scale resolution in reconstructing evaporating droplet profiles.
  • Detailed changes in dye concentration as a function of evaporation time were mapped.
  • Observed uniform ring-like patterns under controlled relative humidity, consistent with a constant evaporation model.

Conclusions:

  • Time-resolved infrared imaging provides simultaneous spatial and time-resolved data, ideal for studying dynamic drying phenomena.
  • The technique successfully elucidated evaporation dynamics near the contact line, a challenging area for other methods.
  • The findings support a constant evaporation model for systems achieving uniform drying conditions.