Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Transient hyperphosphatasemia in an infant with bronchiolitis and pneumonia

Slavica Dodig1, J Demirovic, Z Jelcic

  • 1Srebrnjak Children's Hospital, Srebrnjak 100, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. slavica.dodig@zg.t-com.hr

European Journal of Medical Research
|December 17, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Benign transient hyperphosphatasemia, a temporary increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), was observed in an infant with severe respiratory infection. ALP levels and atypical isoenzymes normalized within weeks, indicating a transient condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Acute lower respiratory tract infections are common in infants.
  • Elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) can indicate various medical conditions.

Observation:

  • A 4-month-old infant with acute bronchiolitis and pneumonia presented with markedly elevated ALP levels.
  • Initial investigations suggested bacterial etiology for the respiratory illness.
  • Electrophoresis revealed atypical ALP isoenzymes, including fast anodal and near-cathodal fractions.

Findings:

  • ALP levels reached over 5000 U/L and normalized within 54 days.
  • Post-normalization electrophoresis showed normal liver, placental, intestinal, and bone isoenzymes.
  • The transient nature of the elevated ALP and atypical isoenzymes was confirmed.

Implications:

  • This case highlights benign transient hyperphosphatasemia as a possible diagnosis in infants with severe respiratory infections.
  • Understanding these transient ALP changes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and avoiding unnecessary interventions.
  • Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms linking respiratory infections to transient ALP alterations.

More Related Videos

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...