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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism
11:04

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism

Published on: September 1, 2014

Evolution and outcome of diastolic dysfunction.

N Achong1, S Wahi, T H Marwick

  • 1University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is common and impacts survival. While often stable, improving DD correlates with better outcomes, highlighting the importance of medical therapy in managing this condition.

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Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
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Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism
11:04

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism

Published on: September 1, 2014

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
04:48

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is highly prevalent, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality.
  • The natural history and progression patterns of DD are not well-defined.
  • Understanding DD progression is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the influence of clinical features, medical therapy, and echocardiographic parameters on DD progression.
  • To identify predictors of mortality in patients with DD and preserved systolic function.
  • To evaluate the relationship between DD changes and survival.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 926 patients with DD and preserved systolic function was studied.
  • 199 patients underwent repeat echocardiography after at least 1 year (average 3.6 years).
  • Follow-up averaged 4.8 years, with 97% completeness for all-cause mortality; Cox regression was used.

Main Results:

  • Independent predictors of death included age, hyperlipidaemia, comorbidities, and restrictive filling.
  • DD remained stable in 52%, deteriorated in 27%, and improved in 21% of patients.
  • Improvement in DD was associated with a survival benefit, particularly when considering medical therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Diastolic dysfunction is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality.
  • Approximately 50% of DD cases remain stable over time.
  • Improving diastolic function is linked to a more favorable prognosis, underscoring the role of therapeutic interventions.