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Phototoxicity induced by nalidixic and oxolinic acids: decrease in cell survival of chick embryo fibroblasts and
M P Cortés1, A M Cárdenas, E Navarrete
1Laboratorio de Fotobiología y Fotoquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile.
Summary
Nalidixic and oxolinic acids show phototoxic effects on cultured cells at therapeutic levels. Nalidixic acid demonstrated greater phototoxicity than oxolinic acid in both cell types.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid are quinolone antibiotics.
- Quinolone antibiotics can exhibit phototoxicity.
- Understanding phototoxicity is crucial for safe therapeutic use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the phototoxic effects of nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid.
- To compare the phototoxicity of these two drugs in different cell lines.
- To determine if phototoxicity occurs at clinically relevant concentrations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized chick embryo fibroblast and Hep-2 (human laryngo carcinoma) cell lines.
- Exposed cells to varying concentrations of nalidixic and oxolinic acids.
- Irradiated cells for 5 minutes in the presence of the drugs.
- Assessed cell survival rates to quantify phototoxicity.
Main Results:
- A dose-dependent inverse relationship was observed between drug concentration and cell survival.
- Phototoxic effects were noted at concentrations within the range of therapeutic blood levels.
- Chick embryo fibroblasts and Hep-2 cells showed higher sensitivity to nalidixic acid-induced phototoxicity compared to oxolinic acid.
Conclusions:
- Nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid possess phototoxic potential at therapeutic concentrations.
- Nalidixic acid is more potent in inducing phototoxicity than oxolinic acid in the studied cell models.
- These findings highlight the importance of photoprotection during treatment with these antibiotics.