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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
Advanced heart failure: a call to action
Stuart D Russell1, Leslie W Miller, Francis D Pagani
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. srusse14@jhmi.edu
Abstract:
Despite improvements in medical therapy for heart failure, more than 250,000 people die in the United States as a result of heart failure each year. There are multiple risk factors and models that have been created to identify these people, yet there has not been a significant impact on outcomes or change in the therapies for these patients. The authors review the available therapies for patients with advanced heart failure and the various risk models available to predict morbidity and mortality and present simple "office predictors" that could be used to potentially predict patients who would benefit from these therapies.
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