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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...
Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock

Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

Hypertension V: Nursing Management

The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.

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Echocardiographic Assessment Using Subxiphoid-Only Examination for Hypotensive Patients
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Published on: April 18, 2025

Prehospital hypotension redefined.

Brandon Bruns1, Larry Gentilello, Alan Elliott

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Burns, Trauma, and Critical Care, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA.

The Journal of Trauma
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A lower prehospital systolic blood pressure (PSBP) threshold of 110 mm Hg better identifies trauma patients at high risk of death. This finding suggests redefining hypotension criteria for trauma center triage to improve patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma care
  • Emergency medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma recommends prehospital systolic blood pressure (PSBP) < 90 mm Hg for trauma triage.
  • Advanced Trauma Life Support considers PSBP < 90 mm Hg a late indicator of shock.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if a higher PSBP threshold than 90 mm Hg can identify injured patients at significant risk of mortality.
  • To re-evaluate the definition of prehospital hypotension for trauma triage.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a Level I trauma center registry (1994-2003) including 16,365 patients with complete PSBP data.
  • Exploration of the relationship between various PSBP thresholds (≤60, ≤70, ≤80, ≤90, ≤100, ≤110 mm Hg) and patient outcomes.
  • Statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Main Results:

  • PSBP strongly correlated with emergency department systolic blood pressure (r=0.65, p<0.001).
  • Mortality risk significantly increased when PSBP fell below 110 mm Hg.
  • At PSBP < 110 mm Hg, 8% of patients died in the ED and 15% died eventually.

Conclusions:

  • Prehospital hypotension in trauma triage should be redefined as PSBP < 110 mm Hg.
  • Further studies are needed to assess the impact of this redefined threshold on trauma center resource utilization.