[Reviewing the literature of cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis in health]

This study aims to contribute to the dissemination of the theoretical foundations for cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis. It also provides backing for reflections on the implementation of studies leading to real benefits for both the population and health system management. Taking a historical perspective, and drawing on the work of renowned authors, the study provides an extensive literature review on cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis, from the theoretical formulation to the definition of methodological guidelines. The study also highlights the methodological controversies resulting from the diversity of theoretical approaches. As a result, it recommends conducting research on the theoretical foundations, and particularly the position of the extra-welfarists.