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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I01:25

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I

A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
Ordinal Level of Measurement00:55

Ordinal Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
Data measured using an ordinal scale are similar to nominal scale data, but there is one major difference. The ordinal scale data can be ordered. An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks in the...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern01:29

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern

Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I01:26

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I

A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
There are thirteen domains for...

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A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
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The first stage of developing preference-based measures: constructing a health-state classification using Rasch

Tracey Young1, Yaling Yang, John E Brazier

  • 1School of Health and Related Research, HEDS University of Sheffield, Regent Court 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK. t.a.young@sheffield.ac.uk

Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study outlines a method for developing a health-state classification using Rasch analysis and classical psychometrics. This approach allows for the valuation of health-related quality of life in conditions like overactive bladder.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Health Economics
  • Outcome Research

Background:

  • Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments are crucial for patient assessment.
  • Valuation of health states is essential for health economic evaluations, such as calculating quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).
  • Existing HRQoL instruments may require refinement for direct valuation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a methodological process for developing a health-state classification suitable for valuation.
  • To illustrate the use of Rasch analysis combined with classical psychometric methods.
  • To create a health-state classification amenable to preference weighting.

Main Methods:

  • A five-step process was employed, using the overactive bladder questionnaire as an example.
  • Factor analysis and Rasch analysis were utilized for item selection and dimension reduction.
  • Psychometric testing and validation on alternative datasets were performed.

Main Results:

  • A five-dimensional health-state classification, the OAB-5D, was successfully developed.
  • The OAB-5D is amenable to valuation tasks for deriving preference weights.
  • The methodology facilitates the creation of health states for QALY calculations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methodology enables the valuation of health-related quality of life for specific patient populations.
  • Quality adjustment weights can be estimated for conditions like overactive bladder.
  • This facilitates the calculation of QALYs, aiding health economic decision-making.