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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
05:39

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

[Butterfly rash: no lupus].

M A Zuber1

  • 1Department für Innere Medizin, Innere Medizin IV, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Halle/Saale. margit.zuber@medizin.uni-halle.de

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A patient with severe thrombocytopenia presented with petechiae and a facial rash. The rash was not lupus but a hemorrhage caused by the low platelet count.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Autoimmune conditions can manifest with diverse dermatological symptoms.
  • Thrombocytopenia, a significant reduction in platelet count, poses a risk for bleeding.
  • Distinguishing between autoimmune diseases and their complications is crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old male exhibited petechiae on limbs and a facial butterfly rash.
  • Laboratory tests revealed severe thrombocytopenia (3 Gpt/l).
  • Initial presentation raised suspicion for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Findings:

  • The patient's thrombocytopenia was confirmed as autoimmune in origin.
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was excluded as a diagnosis.

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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: June 10, 2025

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
12:23

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

  • The facial rash was re-classified as a laminar hemorrhage, a type of ecchymosis resulting from severe autoimmune thrombocytopenia.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering hemorrhage as a cause of facial rashes in thrombocytopenic patients.
    • Accurate differentiation between primary autoimmune diseases and secondary complications is vital for appropriate patient management.
    • Understanding the spectrum of bleeding manifestations in autoimmune thrombocytopenia is essential for clinical practice.