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DNA Isolation

DNA Isolation

DNA isolation protocols can be fast and straightforward or complex and time-consuming depending on the type and quality of DNA required for further processing. For example, plasmid DNA extraction is a bit more complicated than genomic DNA extraction because of the need for an appropriate lysis method to separate plasmid DNA from gDNA during isolation. However, for specific applications, such as long-range DNA sequencing that require a good yield of high- quality DNA samples, we need to follow...

DNA Isolation

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DNA from cells is required for many biotechnology and research applications, such as molecular cloning. To remove and purify DNA from cells, researchers use various methods of DNA extraction. While the specifics of different protocols may vary, some general concepts underlie the process of DNA extraction.

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Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Published on: November 30, 2021

High efficiency DNA extraction from bone by total demineralization.

Odile M Loreille¹, Toni M Diegoli, Jodi A Irwin

¹Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, 1413 Research Blvd., Bldg. 101, Rockville, MD 20850, United States. odile.loreille@afip.osd.mil

Forensic Science International. Genetics

|December 17, 2008

Summary

A new bone demineralization protocol fully dissolves skeletal samples, significantly increasing DNA recovery for forensic identification and ancient DNA studies from challenging remains.

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DNA Extraction from Paraffin Embedded Material for Genetic and Epigenetic Analyses

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Published on: March 26, 2011

Area of Science:

Forensic Science
Molecular Biology
Anthropology

Background:

Bone and teeth are crucial for DNA typing in historical cases, mass disasters, and ancient DNA studies due to their resilience.
Standard DNA extraction methods from bone involve proteinase digestion, discarding undissolved bone powder and limiting DNA recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and present an efficient DNA recovery protocol using complete bone demineralization.
To enhance DNA yield from challenging skeletal samples compared to standard methods.

Main Methods:

A novel protocol involving complete physical dissolution of bone samples via demineralization was developed.
The new protocol was compared against a standard extraction method using 14 challenging bone samples.
Real-time quantification of amplified mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was used to assess DNA yield.

Main Results:

The demineralization protocol significantly increased the quantity of amplifiable DNA from degraded skeletal remains.
This method successfully recovered authentic DNA sequences from samples that failed with the standard protocol.
Complete dissolution of the bone matrix maximized DNA recovery by retaining all reagents.

Conclusions:

Complete demineralization offers a highly efficient method for DNA extraction from bone.
This protocol improves the success rate of DNA typing from challenging and degraded forensic and ancient samples.
The technique maximizes DNA recovery, crucial for identification in historical and disaster contexts.