Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Relating ADHD to the aperiodic component of the EEG signal in both males and females across development.

Developmental cognitive neuroscienceยท2026
Same author

Neurophysiological indices of distinct cognitive operations during symbol digit modalities test performance in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiologyยท2025
Same author

Cognitive training improves working memory, processing speed, and neural efficiency in multiple sclerosis.

Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychologyยท2025
Same author

The interaction of ADHD traits and trait anxiety on inhibitory control.

Psychophysiologyยท2024
Same author

Resting-state EEG dynamics help explain differences in response control in ADHD: Insight into electrophysiological mechanisms and sex differences.

PloS oneยท2023
Same author

Sensory sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty and sex differences predicting anxiety in emerging adults.

Heliyonยท2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization
12:00

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Published on: November 19, 2014

Stage and load effects on ERP topography during verbal and spatial working memory.

Janet L Shucard1, Ayda Tekok-Kilic, Keri Shiels

  • 1Department of Neurology/Jacobs Neurological Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 100 High Street (D-6), Buffalo, New York 14203, USA. shucard@buffalo.edu

Brain Research
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Working memory (WM) brain activity depends more on the stage of processing (encoding vs. maintenance) and memory load than on the type of information (verbal vs. spatial). This finding supports process-dependent activation of WM circuits.

More Related Videos

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization
12:00

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Published on: November 19, 2014

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Human Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Frontal-parietal networks are crucial for visual working memory (WM).
  • The influence of information type (verbal/spatial) on WM circuitry activation remains unclear.
  • Process-specific WM models suggest stage, not information type, dictates circuit activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how WM information type (verbal, spatial), stage (encoding, maintenance), and load affect event-related potential (ERP) P3 amplitude topography.
  • To determine if WM circuitry activation is material-specific or process-dependent.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen young adults performed verbal and spatial WM tasks.
  • Tasks were equated for stimulus properties and response requirements.
  • Event-related potential (ERP) P3 amplitude was analyzed across different WM loads (1 and 3) and stages (encoding, maintenance) at various scalp locations.

Main Results:

  • P3 amplitude topography was influenced by WM stage and load, not information type.
  • Encoding stage showed posterior-maximum P3 distribution with minimal load effects.
  • Maintenance stage revealed load-dependent shifts in P3 amplitude from parietal to frontal regions with increasing WM load.

Conclusions:

  • Results support process-dependent activation of WM circuits.
  • P3 amplitude topography differences were attributed to WM stage and load, not verbal or spatial information type.
  • This suggests WM network activation is primarily driven by cognitive processes rather than specific content.