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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials

Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials

Published on: July 8, 2021

Cell survival within pulp and periodontal constructs.

Matthew Gebhardt¹, Peter E Murray, Kenneth N Namerow

¹Department of Endodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA.

Journal of Endodontics

|December 17, 2008

Summary

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Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PLSCs) showed optimal survival on polymer and collagen scaffolds. These findings support their use in regenerative dental treatments.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Dentistry

Background:

Tissue engineering scaffolds are crucial for developing dental regenerative therapies.
Optimizing cell survival and scaffold integration is key for successful outcomes.
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PLSCs) are promising candidates for dental regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate cell survival and degradation of DPSCs and PLSCs on different tissue engineering scaffolds.
To compare the performance of polymer, collagen, and calcium phosphate scaffolds for dental pulp and periodontal applications.

Main Methods:

DPSCs and PLSCs were seeded onto three scaffold types: D,D-L,L-polylactic acid (polymer), bovine collagen (collagen), and calcium phosphate bioceramic (calcium phosphate).

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Constructs (n=144) were cultured for 3 to 14 days.

Histologic criteria were used to assess cell survival and scaffold degradation.

Main Results:

Cell survival was optimal in polymer and collagen scaffolds for both DPSCs and PLSCs.
Calcium phosphate scaffolds showed reduced cell survival, particularly over longer culture periods.
Scaffold degradation patterns varied, influencing cell viability.

Conclusions:

Polymer and collagen scaffolds support superior survival of DPSCs and PLSCs compared to calcium phosphate scaffolds.
The combination of DPSCs/PLSCs with polymer or collagen scaffolds shows potential for creating effective pulp and periodontal constructs.
These findings provide a foundation for future in vivo studies and clinical applications in regenerative dentistry.