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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

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Published on: June 25, 2019

Where (in the brain) do semantic errors come from?

Lauren Cloutman1, Rebecca Gottesman, Priyanka Chaudhry

  • 1Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute stroke can cause semantic errors in naming and comprehension due to damage in different brain regions. Semantic deficits link to left Brodmann

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Published on: July 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurolinguistics

Background:

  • Semantic errors stem from disrupted access to word meanings (semantics) or word forms (lexical representations).
  • Evaluating word comprehension aids in pinpointing the origin of semantic errors observed in naming tasks.
  • Hypothesis: Acute stroke affects distinct brain regions, leading to either semantic errors in both naming and comprehension or in naming alone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate brain regions associated with semantic errors in naming and comprehension versus those solely in oral naming.
  • To investigate the neural correlates of semantic deficits versus lexical access deficits in acute stroke patients.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 196 acute left hemispheric stroke patients within 48 hours of onset.
  • Utilized oral naming, spoken word/picture verification tasks, and magnetic resonance imaging.
  • Correlated tissue dysfunction in 10 pre-specified Brodmann's areas (BA) with semantic error types (semantic vs. lexical access deficits).

Main Results:

  • Semantic errors linked to semantic deficits correlated with left Brodmann's area (BA) 22 dysfunction/infarct.
  • Semantic errors linked to lexical access deficits correlated with left Brodmann's area (BA) 37 hypoperfusion/infarct.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct cognitive processes underlying semantic errors correspond to dysfunction in different brain regions.
  • Findings differentiate the neural basis for semantic versus lexical access deficits in stroke-related language impairments.