Endoscopic removal of a central neurocytoma from the posterior third ventricle

Central neurocytoma is a rare benign tumor that most commonly arises within the ventricular system of young adults. Its occurrence in the posterior third ventricle is one of the least reported presentations. These tumors are usually treated by a combination of either biopsy or open surgical resection, often followed by radiation (Gamma knife or Novalis) with or without chemotherapy. A 37-year-old woman with a posterior third ventricle neurocytoma presented with acute signs of aqueductal stenosis. The patient underwent endoscopic assisted gross total resection of the tumor with the aid of intraoperative laser followed by standard third ventriculostomy; no further treatment was required. The patient did not develop any subsequent neurological deficit. A 36-month follow-up was still consistent with a normal neurological examination. Serial post-operative MRIs show neither residual nor recurrent tumor. Thus, posterior third ventricle central neurocytomas are relatively benign tumors that can be successfully removed using a minimally invasive approach, thereby avoiding both the morbidity related to conventional open craniotomy and the potential toxicity of any adjuvant treatment.