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Complex post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with somatization disorder.

Carsten Spitzer1, Sven Barnow, Katja Wingenfeld

  • 1University Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf and Klinikum Eilbek (Schön Kliniken), Hamburg, Germany. c.spitzer@uke.uni-hamburg.de

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
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PubMed
Summary

Patients with somatization disorder (SD) have a significantly higher risk of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD). Identifying cPTSD in SD patients reveals a subgroup with severe psychosocial impairment, aiding diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Childhood trauma is linked to adult somatization and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD).
  • Somatization disorder (SD) is characterized by significant somatic symptoms.
  • Understanding the comorbidity between SD and cPTSD is crucial for effective patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of cPTSD in patients diagnosed with somatization disorder (SD).
  • To examine the clinical correlates and psychosocial functioning of SD patients with and without cPTSD.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 28 patients with DSM-IV diagnosed SD and 28 age/gender-matched controls with major depression.
  • Utilized the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDEs), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP), and SF-36 Health Survey.
  • Assessed current and lifetime diagnoses of cPTSD.

Main Results:

  • SD patients exhibited significantly higher odds for current (OR=15.0) and lifetime (OR=8.33) cPTSD diagnoses compared to controls.
  • SD subjects with cPTSD reported greater psychological distress and interpersonal difficulties.
  • Patients with SD and cPTSD demonstrated poorer overall psychosocial functioning.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of cPTSD is clinically relevant for identifying a subgroup of SD patients.
  • This subgroup is characterized by severe psychosocial impairment, suggesting distinct diagnostic and therapeutic needs.
  • Findings underscore the importance of screening for cPTSD in SD patients.