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Published on: November 11, 2021
Aggressive pediatric meningioma with soft tissue and lymph node metastases: a case report
Erika E Doxtader1, Sydney C Butts, James W Holsapple
1Department of Pathology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. pavlote@upstate.edu
Summary
Metastatic meningioma is rare, but this pediatric case highlights its aggressive potential. An 8-year-old boy experienced distant spread to soft tissue and lymph nodes, emphasizing the need for vigilance in pediatric oncology.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Neurosurgery
- Pathology
Background:
- Metastatic meningioma is exceptionally rare, accounting for approximately 0.1% of all meningioma cases.
- Pediatric meningiomas, while uncommon, can exhibit aggressive behavior and metastatic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of pediatric meningioma with distant metastasis.
- To illustrate the aggressive biologic potential and metastatic pathways of pediatric meningiomas.
Main Methods:
- A case study of an 8-year-old boy with a dural-based mass.
- Diagnostic imaging (MRI), therapeutic embolization, subtotal tumor resection, histopathologic examination, and surveillance imaging.
- Multimodal treatment including radiation and surgical resection for intracranial and metastatic disease.
Main Results:
- Histopathology confirmed atypical meningioma with features of aggressive disease, including brain invasion.
- The patient developed metastatic disease to cervical soft tissue and 8 lymph nodes.
- Evidence of tumor spread via cerebrospinal fluid leakage and lymphatic invasion was observed.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric meningiomas can possess aggressive biologic potential, leading to distant metastasis.
- Cerebrospinal fluid leakage and lymphatic invasion are potential mechanisms for metastasis in pediatric meningiomas.
- This case underscores the importance of thorough evaluation and surveillance for metastatic disease in pediatric meningioma patients.