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Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
Isochoric and Isobaric Processes01:21

Isochoric and Isobaric Processes

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume is called an isochoric process. According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat supplied or removed from the system is partially utilized to perform work and change the internal energy of the system. However, in an isochoric process, the volume remains constant. Hence, the work done by the system is zero. Therefore, the exchange of heat changes the internal energy of the system only. 
Suppose 1000 g of water is heated from 40 degrees...
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line01:27

Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line

Based on Bernoulli's equation, the energy line (EL) and hydraulic grade line (HGL) provide graphical representations of energy distribution in a fluid flow system. For steady, incompressible, inviscid flows, Bernoulli's equation is expressed as:
Isothermal Processes01:21

Isothermal Processes

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...

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Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites
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Running climate models on grids using G-Rex.

D A Bretherton1, J D Blower, K Haines

  • 1Reading e-Science Centre, Environmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, 3 Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AL, UK. dab@mail.nerc-essc.ac.uk

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|December 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate models face challenges with grid computing due to large data outputs and complex workflows. A new system, Grid Remote Execution (G-Rex), enables climate models to run as web services, simplifying their use and improving output monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Climate modeling
  • Computational science

Background:

  • Grid computing is underutilized in climate modeling.
  • Climate models generate large datasets and use complex shell script workflows.
  • Existing grid middleware is not well-suited for climate modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a new grid middleware system tailored for climate modeling.
  • Address the challenges of deploying and running climate models on compute grids.
  • Facilitate the use of grid computing within the climate modeling community.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Grid Remote Execution (G-Rex), a novel grid middleware.
  • G-Rex deploys climate models as web services on remote systems.
  • Employs a Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style with a Java client.
  • Enables remote launching, control, and real-time output transfer of climate models.

Main Results:

  • G-Rex allows climate models to be controlled remotely as if local.
  • Real-time output transfer prevents data accumulation and aids monitoring.
  • The Java client integrates easily into existing scientific workflow scripts.
  • Demonstrated G-Rex's utility with examples from climate modelers.

Conclusions:

  • G-Rex effectively bridges the gap between climate modeling and grid computing.
  • The system simplifies the deployment and execution of complex climate models.
  • G-Rex enhances user control and monitoring capabilities for climate simulations.