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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform
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Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform

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Folate and colorectal cancer prevention.

R A Hubner1, R S Houlston

  • 1Gastrointestinal Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK. Richard.Hubner@rmh.nhs.uk

British Journal of Cancer
|December 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Folic acid may protect against colorectal cancer initially but increase tumor growth if taken after lesions develop. Timing of folate intake is crucial for its role in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Anti-folate drugs inhibit cancer cell proliferation by blocking DNA synthesis.
  • Dietary folate intake shows an inverse relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence.
  • Folic acid supplementation is common, with potential health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on folate's efficacy and safety as a CRC chemopreventive agent.
  • To explore the complex, timing-dependent role of folate in colorectal carcinogenesis.
  • To examine how genetic variations in folate metabolism affect CRC risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of randomized controlled trials on folic acid for colorectal neoplasia.
  • Analysis of animal models demonstrating folate's dual-modulator effects.

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  • Examination of epidemiological data on dietary folate and CRC incidence.
  • Consideration of functional polymorphic variants in folate metabolic pathway enzymes.

    • Main Results:

    • Folate exhibits a 'dual-modulator' role in colorectal carcinogenesis.
    • Moderate folate intake before neoplastic foci may be protective.
    • Excessive intake or intake after lesion establishment may increase tumorigenesis.
    • Genetic variations in folate metabolism add complexity to CRC risk.

    Conclusions:

    • The relationship between folate and CRC is complex and depends on timing and dosage.
    • Folic acid's role in CRC prevention requires careful consideration of individual risk factors and disease stage.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate optimal folate intake strategies for CRC prevention.