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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract.

Peter Sandner1, Dieter Neuser, Erwin Bischoff

  • 1Global Drug Discovery-Research Centre Wuppertal, Bayer Schering Pharma, Aprather Weg 18a, Wuppertal, 42069, Germany. peter.sandner@bayerhealthcare.com

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|December 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The NO/cGMP pathway regulates many bodily functions. Targeting this pathway with drugs that increase cyclic GMP (cGMP) offers therapeutic potential for erectile dysfunction and other urological conditions.

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Published on: August 14, 2019

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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
05:25

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Urology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signaling cascade is a crucial regulator in mammalian tissues.
  • cGMP acts as a key second messenger, and pharmacological interventions targeting this pathway are clinically successful.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the therapeutic effects of cGMP elevation in urological disorders.
  • To review evidence for treating erectile dysfunction (ED), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and overactive bladder (OAB).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pre-clinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of the role of NO/cGMP signaling in male and female lower urinary tract function.

Main Results:

  • cGMP elevation is effective for treating ED in both males and females.
  • Evidence supports cGMP-targeting drugs for BPH, LUTS, OAB, and potentially premature ejaculation, Peyronie's disease, and stone disease.

Conclusions:

  • The NO/cGMP pathway holds significant therapeutic promise for a range of urological conditions beyond ED.
  • Further research into cGMP-modulating drugs could lead to novel treatments for various lower urinary tract disorders.