Bulk and surface assembly of branched amphiphilic polyhedral oligomer silsesquioxane compounds

This study probes the behavior of two series of organic-functionalized core-shell silsesquioxane (POSS-M)p-(x/y) derivatives with various hydrophobic-hydrophilic terminal group compositions in the bulk state and within mono- and multilayered films at the air-water interface and on solid surface. POSS-M refers to mixed silsesquioxane cores, in contrast to the geometrically specific POSS compounds. It is composed of polyhedra, incompletely condensed polyhedra, ladder-type structures, linear structures, and all the possible combinations thereof and attracts great interest because of its facile preparation, low polydispersity, high yield, and low cost. The two series of (POSS-M)p-(x/y) molecules are different in hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance of their terminal groups, with x and y respectively referring to the molar percent of -OCONH-C(18)H(37) tails and -OH for p = 1 and the percent of -OCONH-C(18)H(37) tails and -OCO-C(6)H(4)COOH terminal groups for p = 2. In the bulk state, the presence of aromatic rings in (POSS-M)2-(x/y) series resulted in a lower symmetry crystal structure than the (POSS-M)1-(x/y) series. Moreover, the (POSS-M)p-(x/y) molecules that contain a sufficient amount of -OCONH-C(18)H(37) tails exhibit double endothermic transition, which attributed to the melting of alkyl chains followed by the melting of the unit cells of (POSS-M) cores. The surface morphologies for the various hydrophobic-hydrophilic combinations at surface pressure p = 0.5 mN/m are similar to that observed for the classical amphiphilic star polymers. However, at higher surface pressure (p > or = 5 mN/m), the POSS-M compounds with lower content of hydrophilic groups form a uniform monolayer.