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Hepatitis B and C virus infection in Ujung Pandang, Indonesia
R Amirudin1, H Akil, Y Akahane
1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Ujung Pandang, Indonesia.
Insights
This study investigated Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) infections in Ujung Pandang. High rates of HBV and HCV were found in chronic liver disease patients, with significant co-infection.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Virology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are significant global health concerns.
- Understanding the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections is crucial for public health strategies in endemic regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among various patient groups in Ujung Pandang.
- To assess the co-infection rates of HBV and HCV in individuals with chronic liver diseases.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 406 individuals, including blood donors and patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Serological markers for HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc) and HCV (anti-HCV ELISA) were tested.
Main Results:
- Among blood donors, HBsAg and anti-HCV positive rates were 7.1% and 3.1%, respectively.
- In acute hepatitis cases, 23.1% were hepatitis A and 10.3% were hepatitis B.
- For chronic liver diseases, HBsAg prevalence ranged from 25.4% to 35.5%, and HCV antibody prevalence ranged from 16.3% to 43.1%.
- Overall chronic liver disease patients showed 31.1% HBsAg and 32.6% HCV antibody positivity, with 10.6% co-infected.
Conclusions:
- HBV and HCV infections are prevalent in Ujung Pandang, particularly among individuals with chronic liver diseases.
- Co-infection with HBV and HCV is a significant issue in this population, highlighting the need for integrated management and prevention strategies.
Abstract:
A survey was performed to investigate HBV and HCV infection in Ujung Pandang. The total number of subjects was 406; 196 blood donors, 78 cases of acute hepatitis, 43 of chronic hepatitis, 58 of liver cirrhosis and 31 of hepatocellular carcinoma cases. HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc as HBV markers and anti-HCV (ELISA, Ortho) as an HCV marker were tested. Positive rates of HBsAg and anti HCV among blood donors were 7.1% and 3.1% respectively, and there was no significant difference among age groups. Donors negative for all viral markers accounted for 21.4%. Of acute hepatitis cases, 18 (23.1%) cases were hepatitis A and 8 (10.3%) cases were hepatitis B, one case of which was considered to be double infection. Acute exacerbation cases of HBV carriers were 16 (20.5%), of which 6 cases were positive for HCV antibody. Those diagnosed non-A, non-B hepatitis were 37 (47.4%), of which 3 cases where positive for HCV antibody. Blood samples from all of acute hepatitis cases were obtained within 1 week after onset of the disease, thus, it was not possible to accurately assess prevalence of hepatitis C. Positive rates on HBsAg among chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma were 25.4%, 32.8% and 35.5% respectively, while those for HCV antibody were 16.3%, 43.1% and 35.5% respectively. Positive rates of HBsAg and HCV antibody for overall chronic liver diseases were 31.1% and 32.6%, and 14 (10.6%) were positive for both markers.