Selection for osmoregulation gene to improve grain yield of wheat genotypes under osmotic stresses

For identifying osmoreguulation (or) differences in bread wheat genotypes, three experiments by using of randomized complete blocks design with five replications were carried out separately on 6 genotypes (Tabasi, Alvand, Shahi, Sabalan, Sardary and Roshan) under normal, drought and salinity stresses. At earring stage, in order to studying osmotic stress on pollen grains, treatments of 30% PEG (control) and 50% PEG with 10 mM KCl (osmotic stress) were applied. All pollen grains ofgenotypes were been swollen at control treatment, but under osmotic stress except of Roshan pollen grain (due to accumulation of K+ ion) was been shrinkage. Orthogonal analysis of variance showed significant differences for traits of grain yield and its components, soluble sugars, Na+, K+ accumulations. Under stress Roshan genotype had high accumulation of soluble sugars and K+. Increasing of grain yield due to or gene at Roshan than other genotypes under drought and salinity stresses were, respectively 18.14 and 38.80%. So, under drought and salinity stresses, identification of or allele and selection based on it in wheat breeding programs are strongly recommended.