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Malformations of the index nails
T P Hussein1, H R C Brandt, T V B Gabbi
1Department of Dermatology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
|December 20, 2008
Summary
This study details a rare case of congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers (COIF), also known as Iso-Kikuchi syndrome, in a South American patient. The findings highlight the syndrome
Area of Science:
- Medical Genetics
- Dermatology
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers (COIF), or Iso-Kikuchi syndrome, is a rare condition affecting index fingernails.
- It is characterized by various nail abnormalities and potential bone abnormalities, often with a hereditary component.
Observation:
- A 52-year-old woman presented with micronychia (abnormally small nails) affecting both index fingers.
- Radiographic imaging revealed a distinctive Y-shaped bifurcation of the distal phalanx in both index fingers.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers (COIF).
- This diagnosis aligns with the known criteria for COIF, including congenital onset and index finger-specific nail dysplasia.
- The case presents with micronychia and associated bone abnormalities (Y-shaped distal phalanx).
Implications:
- This report represents the first documented case of COIF in South America, expanding the known geographical distribution of this rare syndrome.
- It underscores the importance of recognizing diverse presentations of COIF and its potential association with skeletal anomalies.
- Further research may elucidate the genetic and etiological factors contributing to COIF in different populations.
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