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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation
06:54

Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation

Published on: August 4, 2023

[How middle-ear implants work].

Carlos Cenjor Español1, Constantino Morera Pérez, Angel Ramos Macías

  • 1Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España. ccenjor@fjd.es

Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola
|December 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Middle-ear implants utilize advanced transducers to restore hearing. These systems convert sound into vibrations, offering a fully implantable solution for hearing loss.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Audiology
  • Medical Devices

Context:

  • Middle-ear implants are sophisticated hearing devices.
  • Transducer technology is crucial for their function.
  • Existing systems include piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and electromechanical designs.

Purpose:

  • To describe the components and classifications of middle-ear implant transducers.
  • To detail the functionality of the Otologics middle ear transducer (MET) system.
  • To explain the mechanism of the Vibrant Med El Soundbridge electromagnetic implant.

Summary:

  • Middle-ear implants comprise a microphone, audioprocessor, battery, receiver, and transducer.
  • The Otologics MET system features a fully implantable design with digital acoustic signal processing.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation
06:54

Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation

Published on: August 4, 2023

Performing Intracochlear Electrocochleography During Cochlear Implantation
09:10

Performing Intracochlear Electrocochleography During Cochlear Implantation

Published on: March 8, 2022

Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access
08:06

Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access

Published on: June 16, 2022

  • The Vibrant Med El Soundbridge employs an electromagnetic design with a floating mass transducer attached to the incus.

    • Impact:

    • Provides insight into the technological advancements in implantable hearing solutions.
    • Highlights the diverse approaches to middle ear transduction.
    • Informs clinicians and researchers about the operational principles of specific middle-ear implant systems.