Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026
12:20
Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
Published on: December 29, 2015
Japanese encephalitis in Western Europe
Michael Reppel1, Luise Landreh, Stefan Gottschalk
1Dept. of Cardiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany. michael.reppel@uk-sh.de
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
|December 20, 2008
Summary
Japanese encephalitis, a significant cause of viral encephalitis in Asia, is rarely seen in Western Europe. This case report details a German woman
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Travel Medicine
Background:
- Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major cause of viral encephalitis in Asia.
- JE has historically not been reported in Western Europe.
- Recent travel to endemic regions poses a risk for acquiring JE.
Observation:
- A 59-year-old German woman presented with neurological symptoms.
- Symptoms appeared 8 days after returning from a trip to northern China.
- Clinical presentation was typical for encephalitis.
Findings:
- Neurological symptoms and clinical presentation were consistent with JE.
- Pathological findings were analyzed from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, MRI, and EEG.
- Detailed clinical course and diagnostic findings are summarized.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential for JE to be diagnosed in non-endemic regions like Western Europe.
- It underscores the importance of considering travel history in patients with encephalitis symptoms.
- Further surveillance and awareness may be needed in regions bordering endemic areas.
More Related Videos
06:22Standardization of Transfer across Labs between Flow Cytometers for Detection of Lymphocytes in Japanese Encephalitis Vaccinated Children
Published on: February 10, 2023
09:37Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine via the Flow Cytometry Technique
Published on: September 23, 2022
Related Concept Videos
01:19Encephalitis l: Introduction
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
01:26Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
01:22American Trypanosomiasis
Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
01:18Viral Meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
01:26Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.