Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Antibiotic Selection

Antibiotic Selection

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...

Botulism

Botulism

Botulism is a life-threatening neuroparalytic condition caused by botulinum neurotoxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe.In adults, the toxin enters the body in different ways: in foodborne botulism, the preformed toxin is absorbed in the intestine. In wound botulism, spores grow in injured tissue and release the toxin into the blood. Infant botulism differs mechanistically from adult forms. In infants, botulism commonly...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Machine says go, doctor says no: an ecological momentary assessment analysis examining clinicians' perceptions of, and their antibiotic prescribing behaviour when using rapid molecular diagnostic tests in intensive care.

Antimicrobial resistance and infection control·2026

Same author

Cefalexin use in UK acute pyelonephritis practice: unaddressed challenges in dosing, breakpoints and clinical evidence.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2026

Same author

Assessing antimicrobial susceptibility testing guideline adherence by laboratories providing bacteriology services in Ghana: a pilot study.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2026

Same author

Importance of reviewing the package insert from gradient strip manufacturers.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2025

Same author

Rifampicin as monotherapy for infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus: considerations for not applying 'breakpoints in brackets'.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2025

Same author

The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Resistance Surveillance Project: methods and limitations.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Temocillin revived.

David M Livermore¹, Paul M Tulkens

¹Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring and Reference Laboratory, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. david.livermore@hpa.org.uk

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

|December 20, 2008

Summary

Temocillin, an older antibiotic, shows resistance to common beta-lactamases, offering a potential carbapenem-sparing option for Gram-negative infections. Its limitations include a lack of activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas.

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology

Background:

Rising antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative pathogens necessitates alternative treatment strategies.
Carbapenems are often reserved for severe infections due to widespread resistance.
Older antibiotics may offer viable solutions to combat emerging resistance patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential of temocillin as an alternative antibiotic for Gram-negative infections.
To assess temocillin's resistance profile against various beta-lactamases.
To determine the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoint for temocillin.

Main Methods:

Analysis of temocillin's resistance to classical and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, including AmpC enzymes.

Related Experiment Videos

Chemical stability assessment for continuous infusion suitability.

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling using Monte-Carlo simulations to establish a breakpoint.

Main Results:

Temocillin exhibits resistance to most classical and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC enzymes.
Chemical stability supports continuous infusion administration.
A PK/PD breakpoint of 8 mg/L was suggested for a 4 g daily dosage.

Conclusions:

Temocillin is a viable option for Gram-negative infections where carbapenem resistance is a concern.
Its stability and resistance profile make it suitable for continuous infusion, potentially sparing carbapenems.
Limited activity against Gram-positive organisms, anaerobes, and Pseudomonas requires careful patient selection.