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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
05:49

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

Routine preoperative coagulation screening detects a rare bleeding disorder.

Nirmala Jonnavithula1, Padmaja Durga, Ravindra Pochiraju

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. nirmala712@sify.co

Anesthesia and Analgesia
|December 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Congenital Factor X deficiency, a rare bleeding disorder, was diagnosed preoperatively in a child undergoing spinal surgery. Prompt diagnosis and management prevented complications, highlighting the importance of coagulation screening.

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Routine Screening Method for Microparticles in Platelet Transfusions
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Routine Screening Method for Microparticles in Platelet Transfusions

Published on: January 31, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
05:49

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

Routine Screening Method for Microparticles in Platelet Transfusions
09:49

Routine Screening Method for Microparticles in Platelet Transfusions

Published on: January 31, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Factor X deficiency is a rare inherited bleeding disorder.
  • Congenital factor X deficiency presents diagnostic challenges, particularly in pediatric patients requiring surgery.

Observation:

  • An 8-year-old female with congenital factor X deficiency was diagnosed preoperatively before corrective surgery for thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis.
  • Preoperative screening revealed prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time.
  • Factor X activity was severely deficient (<8%), improving with fresh frozen plasma transfusion.

Findings:

  • The patient received fresh frozen plasma and intravenous tranexamic acid.
  • No postoperative bleeding complications occurred following the major surgical procedure.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the critical need for routine preoperative coagulation screening in pediatric patients undergoing significant surgical interventions.
  • Early identification and management of factor X deficiency can prevent severe bleeding complications.
  • Optimizing coagulation status preoperatively is essential for successful surgical outcomes in patients with rare bleeding disorders.