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Related Concept Videos

Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...

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Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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Hemifacial spasm: a neurosurgical perspective.

Doo-Sik Kong1, Kwan Park

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
|December 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) involves involuntary facial muscle contractions, often caused by blood vessel compression of the facial nerve. This review details HFS causes, diagnosis, and treatments for optimal patient care.

Keywords:
Craniofacial abnormalitiesHemifacial spasmMicrovascular decompression

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Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances
10:35

Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances

Published on: July 5, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Hemifacial spasm (HFS) presents as involuntary, tonic-clonic contractions of muscles innervated by the facial nerve.
  • The most frequent cause of HFS is compression of the facial nerve by an ectatic blood vessel.
  • Accurate differentiation from conditions like facial tic, ocular myokymia, and blepharospasm is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the literature on hemifacial spasm from 1995 to the present.
  • To elucidate craniofacial abnormalities and inform optimal surgical strategies for HFS.
  • To consolidate information on prevalence, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies published from 1995 to the present.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses for HFS.
  • Evaluation of various treatment options, including surgical interventions and monitoring techniques.

Main Results:

  • Ectatic vessel compression is the primary identified etiology for HFS.
  • The review synthesizes data on prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical course.
  • Effectiveness of treatments, including brainstem auditory evoked potentials monitoring and facial EMG, is discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding HFS etiology and differential diagnoses is key for effective management.
  • Optimal surgical procedures require consideration of craniofacial abnormalities.
  • This review provides a comprehensive resource for clinicians managing hemifacial spasm.