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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

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Management of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome type 1 in children and adolescents - A French consensus.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

[Sleep-disordered breathing in children].

S Cohen-Gogo1, Ngoc Thanh C Do, D Levy

  • 1Service de génétique médicale, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|December 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), impacts cognitive function and carries cardiovascular risks. Early diagnosis and treatment by pediatricians are crucial public health priorities.

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Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery
06:09

Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery

Published on: February 14, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery
06:09

Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery

Published on: February 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Child Neurology

Context:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children encompasses primary snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • 12% of children experience primary snoring, while 1-2% have OSA.
  • Polysomnography is the diagnostic standard but is complex and costly.

Purpose:

  • To review the diagnosis, pathophysiology, neurocognitive and cardiovascular consequences, and management of SDB in children.
  • To emphasize the public health significance of SDB and the pediatrician's role.

Summary:

  • SDB is linked to significant cognitive and behavioral issues, influenced by age and severity.
  • Inflammation is central to SDB pathophysiology; OSA is a childhood cardiovascular risk factor.
  • Adenoidotonsillectomy is primary treatment; anti-inflammatories and CPAP are alternatives.

Impact:

  • Highlights the neurocognitive and cardiovascular implications of pediatric SDB.
  • Underscores the need for pediatrician involvement in SDB prevention and management.
  • Informs treatment strategies, from surgery to medical therapies and ventilation.