[Respiratory system]

Patients with malignancies are subject to developing a set of complications that require emergency evaluation and treatment. Emergencies in the cancer patients are particularly complex. Since the severity of emergency situations varies individually, the appropriate treatment should be determined based on the clinical condition of individual patients. Patients with potentially curable disease should be managed aggressively with full intervention to treat the emergency situation, whereas this may not be appropriate for patients entering the terminal phase of their life intervention. An oncogenic emergency involving respiratory malignant disease is rare, but special medical knowledge and skills are required. Therefore, we should train for that situation in a medical examination. In this review, we suggest the diagnosis and initial therapy for common emergencies involving respiratory malignant disease, such as severe airway obstruction, massive hemoptysis, pneumothorax, and hemoneumothorax.