Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Partial adrenalectomy in pheochromocytomas offers equal safety compared to total adrenalectomy.

Updates in surgery·2026

Same author

Glucocorticoid-prescribing trends in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 2017 to 2023.

Endocrine connections·2026

Same author

Enhancing transition care for adolescents and young adults with adrenal insufficiency in the Netherlands: a holistic model for improved patient outcomes.

Endocrine connections·2025

Same author

Long-term outcome of retroperitoneoscopic partial versus total adrenalectomy in patients with Cushing's syndrome.

World journal of surgery·2024

Same author

Screening and surveillance recommendations for central nervous system hemangioblastomas in pediatric patients with Von Hippel-Lindau disease.

Journal of neuro-oncology·2024

Same author

Venous thromboembolism in Cushing syndrome: results from an EuRRECa and Endo-ERN survey.

Endocrine connections·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

[Pheochromocytoma - still a challenge].

N Reisch¹, M K Walz, Z Erlic

¹Medizinische Klinik - Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München.

|December 23, 2008

Summary

Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors causing excess catecholamines, leading to symptoms like hypertension. Diagnosis involves biochemical tests and imaging, with surgery as the primary treatment.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Genetics

Context:

Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from chromaffin cells.
They produce excess catecholamines, causing variable clinical symptoms including hypertension, headaches, and palpitations.
Diagnosis relies on biochemical confirmation of catecholamine excess and imaging for localization.

Purpose:

To summarize the key aspects of pheochromocytoma diagnosis, localization, genetic basis, and treatment.
To highlight the importance of biochemical testing and advanced imaging modalities.
To emphasize the role of genetic screening and surgical management.

Summary:

Pheochromocytomas are catecholamine-producing tumors requiring biochemical confirmation (24h urinary metanephrines/catecholamines, plasma free metanephrines) and imaging (CT, MRI, MIBG, PET) for diagnosis and localization.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

Genetic screening is crucial as germ-line mutations account for a significant proportion of cases.

Endoscopic adrenal-sparing surgery after alpha-blockade is the preferred treatment, with essential regular follow-up for recurrence and malignancy.

Impact:

Improved understanding of pheochromocytoma management strategies.
Enhanced diagnostic accuracy through biochemical and imaging techniques.
Guidance on genetic testing and surgical interventions for better patient outcomes.