Management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: current trends

Aza Mohammed1, Iqbal Shergill, Brian Little

  • 1The Ayr Hospital, 19 Hilston Close, Ingleby Barwick, Stockton on Tees, TS17 5AG, UK.

Insights

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma is a common genitourinary cancer that is resistant to traditional therapies. This review focuses on managing advanced renal cell carcinoma with new targeted treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a frequent genitourinary malignancy.
  • Distant metastases are diagnosed in one-third of patients at initial presentation.
  • Tumor recurrence post-nephrectomy occurs in another third of patients.
  • RCC exhibits resistance to conventional treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the management strategies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  • To discuss the application of novel targeted therapeutic agents in RCC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on metastatic renal cell carcinoma management.
  • Analysis of data concerning targeted therapies for advanced RCC.

Main Results:

  • Metastatic renal cell carcinoma presents significant treatment challenges due to resistance to conventional therapies.
  • Targeted therapeutic agents represent a new era in managing advanced RCC.

Conclusions:

  • The management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma has evolved with the advent of targeted therapies.
  • Further research into targeted agents is crucial for improving patient outcomes in advanced RCC.

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...