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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Published on: June 12, 2020

[Association between SNAP-25 gene polymorphism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].

Hong-yu Zhang1, Yan-bo Zhu, Hong Chang

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
|December 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study found no significant association between SNAP-25 gene polymorphisms and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Han Chinese children. However, a potential link between the rs362549 SNP and ADHD subtypes warrants further investigation.

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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Context:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Genetic factors play a significant role in ADHD etiology.
  • The synaptosomal-associated protein of 25,000 (SNAP-25) gene is a candidate gene for ADHD due to its role in neurotransmitter release.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the association between polymorphisms in the SNAP-25 gene and ADHD in Han Chinese children.
  • To analyze the relationship between SNAP-25 gene variants and ADHD subtypes.

Summary:

  • A case-control study and family-based association study (Transmission Disequilibrium Test) were conducted using 100 ADHD trios and 97 controls.
  • No significant association was found between SNAP-25 polymorphisms (rs363006, rs362549) and ADHD overall.
  • A potential association was observed between the rs362549 SNP and ADHD subtypes (inattentive and combined), with specific alleles showing preferential transmission.

Impact:

  • This study contributes to understanding the genetic underpinnings of ADHD.
  • The findings suggest that while SNAP-25 may not be a major risk gene for ADHD generally, specific polymorphisms could be associated with distinct ADHD subtypes.
  • Further replication studies are necessary to confirm the association between rs362549 and ADHD subtypes.