Spinal tumors in neurofibromatosis-2: management considerations - a review

Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF-2) is a distinct clinical entity, characterized by multiple intracranial and spinal tumors. While bilateral vestibular schwannomas are the pathological hallmark of the disease, significant morbidity in NF-2 is attributable to the presence of both intramedullary and extramedullary spinal tumors. With the advent of MRI as a screening modality, multiple, extensive spinal tumors in the NF-2 population are often seen, which may be clinically quiescent at the time of initial diagnosis. All NF-2 patients should have routine screening with full spinal MRI at the time of diagnosis, regardless of symptoms. Early surgical intervention is indicated in cases where a neurological deficit is attributable to a focal expanding spinal lesion. In asymptomatic patients, the decision to operate is tailored to the individual patient, with the ultimate goal of preserving function. In these cases, surgery should be considered where there is evidence of progressive tumor growth, with attendant risk to the patient of functional deterioration.