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Related Experiment Videos

WIC program participation--a marketing approach.

J S Buechner1, H D Scott, J L Smith

  • 1Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence 02908.

Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
|September 1, 1991
PubMed
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The Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) shows varied participation among eligible pregnant women in Rhode Island. Higher WIC enrollment correlates with greater maternal risk and poorer birth outcomes, indicating targeted outreach is effective.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • The Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) aims to improve health outcomes for low-income populations.
  • Studies indicate WIC participation benefits women and children, yet uptake is uneven across eligible groups.
  • Geographic disparities in WIC program access and utilization require investigation to ensure equitable service delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze geographic variations in WIC participation rates among eligible pregnant women in Rhode Island.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the WIC program in reaching the most vulnerable populations.
  • To identify areas with the greatest need for WIC services to optimize outreach strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Geographic areas (census tracts) in Rhode Island were stratified into eight groups based on maternal and child health service needs.

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  • Statistical methods, including factor and cluster analysis, were used to define need-based geographic groupings.
  • WIC participation rates for 1983-84 were calculated for each group and correlated with maternal risk and birth outcome indices.

    • Main Results:

    • WIC participation rates among eligible pregnant women varied significantly across the eight geographic need-based groups, ranging from 46% to over 100%.
    • Participation rates demonstrated a strong positive correlation with an index of maternal risk (r = 0.92).
    • A significant positive correlation was also observed between WIC participation and an index of birth outcomes (r = 0.79).

    Conclusions:

    • The WIC program in Rhode Island demonstrated higher participation in areas with greater maternal risk and poorer birth outcomes.
    • The study's methodology provides a transferable technique for evaluating program effectiveness and optimizing outreach in other regions.
    • Data on program need and utilization, aggregated by small geographic areas, can enhance marketing and recruitment efforts for public health programs.